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And as a professor at Harvard for more than a half-century, he seeded many of the nation’s top university history departments with his acolytes. On topic after topic, in more than 20 books that he wrote or edited, he shifted the direction of scholarly inquiry, in the process winning two Pulitzer Prizes, a National Book Award, a Bancroft Prize (the most prestigious award given to scholars of American history) and, in 2011, the National Humanities Medal, presented in a White House ceremony by President Barack Obama. And his insights and interpretations, notably in his classic 1967 work, “The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution,” could be groundbreaking. He was among the first historians to mine statistics from historical records with a computer. From the beginning, his work was innovative. Though his name may not ring a bell with the legions of readers who devour best-selling books on the founding of America, few historians since World War II have left an imprint on that field of study that rivals Professor Bailyn’s. The cause was heart failure, said his wife, Lotte Bailyn, a professor of management emerita at the M.I.T. Bernard Bailyn, a Harvard scholar whose award-winning books on early American history reshaped the study of the origins of the American Revolution, died on Friday at his home in Belmont, Mass., a suburb of Boston.
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